In some cases, the conflict can be a good thing like process
improvements or better ideas to service the customer. This can be part of the “open communication” that is encouraged
within the team. However, in most cases
the conflict is more negatively based.
Examples of conflict are:
· A personal problem with two or more people. It could be based on issues such as values, beliefs, a friendship gone sour, flirting, sexual harassment, or vulgarity. These incompatible situations can lead into arguments and even worse, physical fighting. There is also the chance of termination, especially when dealing with sexual harassment. The two most common sexual harassment categories, both of which are considered as part of the 1991 Civil Rights Act as illegal employment discrimination with punitive monetary damages, are:
1. Asking for sexual favors in return for providing a raise, promotion, etc. (Quid pro quo).
2. What a woman perceives as a hostile environment like unwanted touching, pin-up calendars, sexual jokes, sexual comments, leering, inappropriate photos, etc.
Your HR representative will most likely be involved if these types of
situations were to occur. See the U.S. Equal Employment
Opportunity Commission http://www.eeoc.gov/ for more information.
· A perception of one working harder than the other.
· One person blaming another for past mistakes.
· Rebellious jealousy because it looks like you are playing favorites.
· Not happy or thinks it’s unfair with the type of work assigned to them.
· Personality clash. For example, a systematic vs. unorganized approach to the job, or a sensitive person vs. insensitive person.
· Disagreements – one person feels it should be done one way, and another feels it should be done another way. This could be based on ideas, goals, process discrepancies, etc.
· Inappropriate dress for work. It might be too revealing or unprofessional.
· Personal hygiene.
You should have your radar on at all times to try and prevent these conflicts before they escalate. You should take the time to learn and understand the laws associated with the EEOC http://www.eeoc.gov/. This includes understanding the policies regarding Affirmative Action, as you or your supervisor’s personal attitude can make or break your organizations EEOC and affirmative action policies. If you create an atmosphere of equality, and help facilitate understanding and tolerance among all employees, you should be able to avoid any conflicts associated with the EEOC and affirmative action.
Keep a tight rein on any individuals who are problem talkers and deal with any outbreaks immediately. Also as manager, you should never joke around about any sensitive subjects. You have to always use common sense and never make comments that could make some laugh and hurt others. That is not to say you should not have a sense of humor, as in many cases your sense of humor can help build team morale and help eliminate stress. Just be careful on what you joke about. Never joke about anything dealing with racism, sexism, religion, etc.
You also need to be careful not
to make promises you cannot keep. For example, telling someone they will get a
raise or a promotion if they finish a project on time when you are not 100%
certain it is even possible. Unless you
are 100% certain, never make such a claim.
An innocent type of comment like this can become the basis of a binding
employment contract.
Another concern deals with being a member of management in an unionized organization. You have two job functions as you need to perform your normal management duties by getting the most productivity out of your workers, and you need to be aware of, and adhere to, management’s commitments under the union contract. The National Labor Relations Act http://www.nlrb.gov outlines unfair labor practices that can affect you as manager. You should be well aware of the main issues like blocking an employee to form or join a union, attempting to influence a labor union, and discriminating against members of a union. These legal and actionable offences can lead to your dismissal along with a great deal of cost to your company.
When it comes to anticipating
potential conflict, look for signs such
as tension in the air, off handed comments, backstabbing, manipulation, a
normally outspoken person is now quiet, a normally quiet person is now outspoken,
facial expressions, and undermining.
You need to react immediately using the managerial skills described
throughout this course and not let it simmer.
If, however, an interpersonal issue does occur, do not put your head in
the sand and hope it all works out. You
must make it a priority to get involved and resolve the problem. Conflict resolution, whether resolved by you,
or you acting as a mediator, is essential.
Even if you do nothing but let the parties work it out themselves, it’s
ok as long as it truly gets resolved.
If the conflict is not resolved, you might run into emotional issues
leading to withdrawal and also possible resignation. You
need to get involved, but how involved you get determines on the severity of
the conflict.
Determine the type of conflict and the severity. The
types of conflicts determine the type of approach that should be taken. Here are three questions to determine the
type and the actions you should take based on the severity of the conflict:
·
If yes,
then you should ask all of the, who, what, when, where, how, and why type of
questions. Find the points of failure
causing the friction and show your team that you are doing all you can to
correct and remedy the situation.
·
If no,
then proceed to question 2.
·
If yes,
here are some ways to deal with the issue:
o
If it is a dress
code issue, first see if there is a dress code in place by HR that you can
easily find in the handbook. If there
is, explain that this is corporate policy.
If not, then you need to talk to them in private and be honest and
upfront by stating that, in your opinion (do not say another individual is
complaining), what they are wearing is not appropriate. You might determine that the problem is due
to such issues like safety, causing disruption in the office, or because it
might make people feel uncomfortable.
In most cases the employee will feel a bit embarrassed and
understandable. If not, then you need
to state that part of your managerial responsibilities is to make sure the
department works in harmony, and that you cannot afford any disruptions of any
kind. If needed, you can ask for HR’s
help. Don’t be surprised if the
employee compares what they are wearing to what another employee is
wearing. If so, just say that you will
look into it and will deal with any situations that need attention. You might truly have to address that issue
as well.
o
If it is a hygiene
issue, first off speak to them in private and say that you have something that
is somewhat uncomfortable to talk about, but needs to be addressed
nonetheless. Ask them to please do all
that they can to make sure their personal hygiene is taken care of before
coming into the office. You can state
that part of your managerial responsibilities is to make sure the department
works in harmony and that you cannot afford any disruptions of any kind,
including hygiene related issues. You
do need to be careful as the hygienic problem might be medically related. You might want to suggest they see a doctor
about certain hygienic issues if the problem continues. Just make sure to let them know to please do
all they can to control their hygiene as much as possible. If it does not improve, you should talk to
HR about the next steps that should be taken.
You might need to move the person to an area away from the group.
o
If they are not
happy with the work assigned to them, or think it’s unfair, then you need
to ask them why they feel this way and be prepared to discuss all possible
options. If for instance they are
complaining about the work given to them, find out if other staff members also
have the same complaint. Also compare
this person’s workload to the other staff members. If this person is indeed working harder, then you need to address
the issue with your staff. If not,
then you need to tell them that the workload is part of the overall job
responsibilities. Let them know that
you will look into possible process improvements or if it is possible to hire
more staff.
Another example would be if someone is complaining because of the extra
workload the late shift has to perform, which has less people and added
responsibility. You should remind them
that they agreed to work that shift, however, you should give them the option
to move into another shift. If another
shift is not available, let them know they will be on the waiting list. At least they can see the light at the end
of the tunnel and that you understand their predicament.
·
If no
then proceed to question 3.
You will most likely be acting as a mediator, so your job is to let each
person briefly state their issue with no interruptions from anyone else in the
room. You would only intervene if it
starts to get out of control. After
hearing both sides, you need to sum up each other’s point of view to be sure
everyone is on the same page. At that
point, you would ask each of them what it would take to appease each
other. The overall goal is to have all
parties commit to making the necessary changes to resolve, or at least
reconcile, the conflict. Let them know
that you expect and have the confidence that they will make every attempt to
resolve each others differences with respect for one another. You should also follow up after a week or
month to make sure all is on track.
Here are three common conflict examples between two or more people:
Steps to take when dealing with conflict:
When you meet, after you say your hello’s, say the reason you ask them
to visit you is to discuss something that is difficult to share, and a bit
uncomfortable, but needs to be addressed.
You can also start off with something like, “I understand there
is a problem that needs some attention.”
Do not bring any person or
persons names up, or that there is even a complaint from anyone. This is straight from you, which is part of
the job of being manager. You want to
make sure that it is understood that you are the one who is bringing the matter
into the forefront. Use a lot of “I”
statements like, “I want to make sure we do everything possible to resolve this
issue,” or “I understand what your are saying, but…”
Be straightforward, simple, and to the point, yet empathetic, which
strengthens and deepens the relationship and rapport. Do everything you can not to
embarrass the person. When dealing with
a conflict involving more than one person, you will be most likely acting as a
mediator. You want to resolve the
conflict by “reasoning together.” Be
sure to have each of them briefly describe the problem and to not interrupt
each other. Always try to focus on the
positive aspects of each other’s statement.
Once each person has had a chance to explain their side, you can
ask how we as a team can correct this situation. You should mostly be listening to them work on trying to resolve
or reconcile the issue at hand, which is exactly what you want. If tempers flare, be sure to intervene and
make sure everyone is calmed down before proceeding. Make sure everyone sticks to the point, but is able to get
everything out. Make sure to follow
their statements and solutions with clear and precise summation. By repeating back what has been said
solidifies the solutions.
Keep a cool head and remain in
control of your own emotions. Employees might be
irrational with no common sense, uncooperative, mean, and disrespectful. Use a calm tone and make sure you present
yourself with an understanding attitude.
Let them know that you do care and will do all you can to help resolve
the issue. Just never talk to them with
a condescending tone. Also, always bite your tongue before you say
something you might regret. Certain
words can set someone off on a tangent.
Also be careful using certain actions such as hand gestures, crossing
your arms in a defiant way, confused facial expressions, demoralized posture,
too much eye contact, or sounds and grunts of discontent. You will get your point across more
effectively if you keep it professional at all times. Keep your advice to yourself and let them work it out mutually. You should only get involved with advice or
solutions when there are no other alternatives, or if you are asked for your
help in the matter.
Make sure all
parties make an agreement on the direction and steps needed to solve the
problem, or create the opportunity. You
need to make sure that everyone is focused on the big picture and on the future. There should be no more blame game. Your goal is to find a win/win situation
where all parties involved are satisfied with the outcome. A compromise is good, but if you can have
them leave with the feeling of a change for the better, you’ve reduced the
chance of future conflict. Also
remember, the quicker you help resolve the issue, the less chance the conflict
spreads throughout the whole department.
If you think the problem may take some time to resolve, then you need to
get all parties involved to reach an agreement on a timeframe when this will be
resolved. In most cases the issue can
be rectified immediately.
Always remember that you
should be: